Which led me to search for this researchers more current work; here’s a publication:
Regeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament: Current strategies in tissue engineering
World Journal of Orthopedics
2015
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4303781
“The worldwide estimation of young sports players that require surgery following a knee injury lies between 17%-61%. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), a main stabilizing structure of the knee, is one of the most commonly injured ligaments. In the USA alone, around 350,000 reconstructive surgeries of the ACL are performed annually. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, the annual costs for the acute care of these injuries are around $6 billion”
“relatively high failure rates of ACL reconstruction, especially in young and active patients, have been reported for allografts. An incidence of osteoarthritis as high as 50% within 7-14 years after injury and reconstruction of the ACL is still the main drawback of this surgical strategy. The development of osteoarthritis following ACL injury is not fully understood and may be caused not only by the limitation of the current grafts, but also by the initial joint trauma and the trauma caused by the surgeon.”
and the most recent thing I came across from last year next post…